{"id":1118,"date":"2024-08-30T14:22:19","date_gmt":"2024-08-30T12:22:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.geraldjarnig.com\/?p=1118"},"modified":"2024-08-31T05:01:08","modified_gmt":"2024-08-31T03:01:08","slug":"worldwide-trends-in-underweight-and-obesity-from-1990-to-2022-a-pooled-analysis-of-3663-population-representative-studies-with-222-million-children-adolescents-and-adults-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.geraldjarnig.com\/?p=1118","title":{"rendered":"Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Published \/ Publiziert: 29.2.2024<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Weltweite Trends bei Untergewicht und Fettleibigkeit von 1990 bis 2022: eine gepoolte Analyse von 3663 Bev\u00f6lkerungsstudien mit 222 Millionen Kindern, Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen<\/p>\n\n\n\n

LINK to the open access publication \/ LINK to the open access publication \/ LINK zur vollst\u00e4ndigen Publikation:<\/strong> doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02750-2 <\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abstract:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Background<\/strong>
Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories.
Methods<\/strong>
We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age \u226520 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5\u201319 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18.5 kg\/m2) and obesity (BMI \u226530 kg\/m2). For school-aged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median).
Findings<\/strong>
From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0.80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0.80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0.80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0.80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0.80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0.80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness.
Interpretation<\/strong>
The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesity.
Funding<\/strong>
UK Medical Research Council, UK Research and Innovation (Research England), UK Research and Innovation (Innovate UK), and European Union.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zusammenfassung:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hintergrund
Untergewicht und Adipositas werden mit negativen Auswirkungen auf die Gesundheit im Laufe des Lebens in Verbindung gebracht. Wir sch\u00e4tzten die individuelle und kombinierte Pr\u00e4valenz von Untergewicht oder D\u00fcnnheit und Adipositas sowie deren Ver\u00e4nderungen von 1990 bis 2022 f\u00fcr Erwachsene und Kinder und Jugendliche im Schulalter in 200 L\u00e4ndern und Territorien.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Methoden
Wir verwendeten Daten aus 3663 bev\u00f6lkerungsbezogenen Studien mit 222 Millionen Teilnehmern, die Gr\u00f6\u00dfe und Gewicht in repr\u00e4sentativen Stichproben der Allgemeinbev\u00f6lkerung gemessen hatten. Mit Hilfe eines hierarchischen Bayes’schen Modells sch\u00e4tzten wir die Entwicklung der Pr\u00e4valenz der verschiedenen BMI-Kategorien, getrennt f\u00fcr Erwachsene (Alter \u226520 Jahre) und Kinder und Jugendliche im Schulalter (Alter 5-19 Jahre), von 1990 bis 2022 f\u00fcr 200 L\u00e4nder und Gebiete. F\u00fcr Erwachsene geben wir die individuelle und kombinierte Pr\u00e4valenz von Untergewicht (BMI <18,5 kg\/m2) und Adipositas (BMI \u226530 kg\/m2) an. F\u00fcr Kinder und Jugendliche im Schulalter berichten wir \u00fcber D\u00fcnnheit (BMI <2 SD unter dem Median der WHO-Wachstumsreferenz) und Fettleibigkeit (BMI >2 SD \u00fcber dem Median).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ergebnisse
Von 1990 bis 2022 ging die kombinierte Pr\u00e4valenz von Untergewicht und Adipositas bei Erwachsenen in 11 L\u00e4ndern (6 %) bei Frauen und 17 (9 %) bei M\u00e4nnern zur\u00fcck, wobei die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass es sich bei den beobachteten Ver\u00e4nderungen um echte R\u00fcckg\u00e4nge handelt, im Nachhinein mindestens 0,80 betr\u00e4gt. Die kombinierte Pr\u00e4valenz stieg in 162 L\u00e4ndern (81 %) f\u00fcr Frauen und 140 L\u00e4ndern (70 %) f\u00fcr M\u00e4nner mit einer Wahrscheinlichkeit von mindestens 0,80. Im Jahr 2022 war die kombinierte Pr\u00e4valenz von Untergewicht und Adipositas in den Inselstaaten der Karibik, in Polynesien und Mikronesien sowie in den L\u00e4ndern des Nahen Ostens und Nordafrikas am h\u00f6chsten. Die Pr\u00e4valenz von Adipositas war mit einer Nachwahrscheinlichkeit von mindestens 0,80 in 177 L\u00e4ndern (89 %) f\u00fcr Frauen und 145 (73 %) f\u00fcr M\u00e4nner im Jahr 2022 h\u00f6her als die von Untergewicht, w\u00e4hrend das Gegenteil in 16 L\u00e4ndern (8 %) f\u00fcr Frauen und 39 (20 %) f\u00fcr M\u00e4nner der Fall war. Von 1990 bis 2022 nahm die kombinierte Pr\u00e4valenz von D\u00fcnnheit und Adipositas bei M\u00e4dchen in f\u00fcnf L\u00e4ndern (3 %) und bei Jungen in 15 L\u00e4ndern (8 %) mit einer Nachhersagewahrscheinlichkeit von mindestens 0,80 ab und stieg bei M\u00e4dchen in 140 L\u00e4ndern (70 %) und bei Jungen in 137 L\u00e4ndern (69 %) mit einer Nachhersagewahrscheinlichkeit von mindestens 0,80 an. Die L\u00e4nder mit der h\u00f6chsten kombinierten Pr\u00e4valenz von D\u00fcnnheit und Adipositas bei Kindern und Jugendlichen im Schulalter im Jahr 2022 waren Polynesien und Mikronesien und die Karibik f\u00fcr beide Geschlechter sowie Chile und Katar f\u00fcr Jungen. Die kombinierte Pr\u00e4valenz war auch in einigen s\u00fcdasiatischen L\u00e4ndern wie Indien und Pakistan hoch, wo D\u00fcnnheit trotz eines R\u00fcckgangs weiterhin weit verbreitet war. Im Jahr 2022 war Fettleibigkeit bei Kindern und Jugendlichen im Schulalter mit einer Nachwahrscheinlichkeit von mindestens 0,80 bei M\u00e4dchen in 133 L\u00e4ndern (67 %) und bei Jungen in 125 L\u00e4ndern (63 %) st\u00e4rker verbreitet als Schlankheit, w\u00e4hrend das Gegenteil in 35 L\u00e4ndern (18 %) bzw. 42 L\u00e4ndern (21 %) der Fall war. In fast allen L\u00e4ndern war die Zunahme der Doppelbelastung sowohl bei Erwachsenen als auch bei Kindern und Jugendlichen im Schulalter auf die Zunahme der Fettleibigkeit und die Abnahme der Doppelbelastung auf die Abnahme von Untergewicht oder D\u00fcnnheit zur\u00fcckzuf\u00fchren.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Auswertung
Die kombinierte Belastung durch Untergewicht und Adipositas hat in den meisten L\u00e4ndern zugenommen, was auf eine Zunahme der Adipositas zur\u00fcckzuf\u00fchren ist, w\u00e4hrend Untergewicht und D\u00fcnnheit in S\u00fcdasien und Teilen Afrikas weiterhin weit verbreitet sind. Eine gesunde Ern\u00e4hrungsumstellung, die den Zugang zu nahrhaften Lebensmitteln verbessert, ist erforderlich, um die verbleibende Belastung durch Untergewicht anzugehen und gleichzeitig den Anstieg der Fettleibigkeit einzud\u00e4mmen und umzukehren.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Finanzierung
UK Medical Research Council, UK Research and Innovation (Research England), UK Research and Innovation (Innovate UK) und Europ\u00e4ische Union.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Published \/ Publiziert: 29.2.2024 Weltweite Trends bei Untergewicht und Fettleibigkeit von 1990 bis 2022: eine gepoolte Analyse von 3663 Bev\u00f6lkerungsstudien mit 222 Millionen Kindern, Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen LINK to the open access publication \/ LINK to the open access publication \/ LINK zur vollst\u00e4ndigen Publikation: doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02750-2 Abstract: BackgroundUnderweight and obesity are associated with adverse health […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","ocean_post_layout":"full-screen","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"on","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"off","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"on","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"off","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"off","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"off","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","iawp_total_views":33,"ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1118","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-allgemein","entry"],"yoast_head":"\nWorldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults - Gerald Jarnig<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.geraldjarnig.com\/?p=1118\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults - Gerald Jarnig\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Published \/ Publiziert: 29.2.2024 Weltweite Trends bei Untergewicht und Fettleibigkeit von 1990 bis 2022: eine gepoolte Analyse von 3663 Bev\u00f6lkerungsstudien mit 222 Millionen Kindern, Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen LINK to the open access publication \/ LINK to the open access publication \/ LINK zur vollst\u00e4ndigen Publikation: doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02750-2 Abstract: BackgroundUnderweight and obesity are associated with adverse health […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.geraldjarnig.com\/?p=1118\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Gerald Jarnig\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-08-30T12:22:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-08-31T03:01:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Sportmanagement Jarnig\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Verfasst von\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Sportmanagement Jarnig\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.geraldjarnig.com\/?p=1118\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.geraldjarnig.com\/?p=1118\",\"name\":\"Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults - 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